Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is a common genetic heart condition where the heart muscle becomes thicker than normal. This can make it harder for the heart to pump blood and may lead to symptoms — though many people with HCM have no symptoms at all. Because it often goes unnoticed, early evaluation is important. HCM occurs when the heart muscle, usually the wall between the lower chambers, becomes enlarged. It can be obstructive (blocking blood flow) or non-obstructive. The condition affects people of all ages and is usually inherited, which means family members may also be at risk.
Symptoms of HCM
People with HCM may experience:
- Shortness of breath
- Chest pain
- Dizziness or fainting
- Heart palpitations
- Fatigue
Symptoms can be mild or mistaken for other conditions, which is why many cases remain undiagnosed.
How We Diagnosis HCM
HCM is diagnosed through specialized heart testing, which may include:
- Electrocardiogram (EKG)
- Echocardiogram (heart ultrasound)
- Cardiac MRI
- Genetic testing when appropriate
These tests help confirm the condition and guide next steps.
Treatment Options
While there is no cure, HCM can be managed with:
- Medication to relieve symptoms
- Lifestyle and activity guidance
- Heart rhythm monitoring
- Devices such as pacemakers or defibrillators, when needed
- Referral for advanced procedures for obstructive HCM
Your care team will recommend the best approach based on your symptoms and heart structure.
Most people with HCM live active, healthy lives with regular follow-up care. Because it is inherited, family members may also benefit from screening.
Get Care at Bayhealth
If you have symptoms or a family history of HCM, the Bayhealth Heart & Vascular team is here to provide evaluation, testing and ongoing management. Early diagnosis can make a meaningful difference in long-term heart health.
Call the Bayhealth Heart & Vascular Institute at 302-310-8484 to learn more.